AC motors

An AC motor is an electric motor driven by an alternating current. This motor system includes an outer stationary stator and coils driven by alternating current to make a magnetic field revolve, and an inner rotor fixed on the output shaft that produces rotational movement with the help of magnetic field.
     AC motors have two major modifications in terms of the rotor. The induction motor is the first type, which works a little bit slower than the power frequency. An induced current causes the magnetic field on the rotor of the induction motor. The synchronous electric motor is the second type, which does not dependent on induction and therefore, can rotate directly at the power frequency or a sub-multiple of the power frequency. The magnetic field on the rotor is either produced by current delivered through collector rings or a constant magnet. There are also EC motors and AC/DC mechanically interrelated machines in which velocity is dependent on intensity of the current and coil connection.
 
      Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry were first physicists who discovered alternating current technology in 1830-31.The discovery of an altering magnetic field detects capacity of inducing an electric current in a circuit. Faraday is considered to be the first who made the discovery as he published his findings earlier.
 
      In 1832, French inventor Hippolyte Pixii collected a crude form of alternating current when he created the first alternator, which consisted of a rolling horseshoe magnet passing through two wire reels.
 
      During the late 19th century a great number of scientists along the United States and Europe were working on creation of new efficiently running AC motor systems due to long distance high potential transmission. Walter Baily was the first person who explored the technology of a revolving magnetic field and who demonstrated his battery-operated polyphase motor accompanied by a commutator on June 28, 1879 to the Physical Society of London. In 1880, French electrical engineer Marcel Deprez created a similar device characterized by the revolving magnetic field principle and two-phase AC system of currents. Without demonstration the design was defective as one of the two currents was generated by the machine itself. In 1886, English engineer Elihu Thomson with the help of wattmeter developed an AC motor according to the induction-repulsion principle. In 1887, American inventor Charles Schenk Bradley became the first who patented a two-phase alternating current power transmission with four wires.
      The AC electric motor used in a variable-frequency drive system corresponds to a three-phase induction motor. Various modifications of single-phase motors can be exploited, but three-phase motors are the most preferable. Various types of synchronous motors show advantageous effect in some conditions, but three phase induction motors are multipurpose and, moreover, are less expansive.
 
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